Eduard Hagenbach-Bischoff (20 February 1833, in

Basel , french: link=no, Bâlois(e), it, Basilese , neighboring_municipalities= Allschwil (BL), Hégenheim (FR-68), Binningen (BL), Birsfelden (BL), Bottmingen (BL), Huningue (FR-68), Münchenstein (BL), Muttenz (BL), Reinach (BL), Riehen (BS ...

– 23 December 1910, in Basel) was a Swiss physicist. The

Hagenbach-Bischoff quota The Hagenbach-Bischoff quota (also known as the Newland-Britton quota or the exact Droop quota, as opposed to the more common rounded Droop quota) is a formula used in some voting systems based on proportional representation (PR). It is used in ...

(a voting system) is named after him. The son of the theologian

Karl Rudolf Hagenbach Karl Rudolf Hagenbach (March 4, 1801 – June 7, 1874) was a Swiss church theologian and historian. He was particularly interested in the Protestant Reformation and its figures. Life Hagenbach was born at Basel, where his father was a practising ...

, he studied physics and mathematics in Basel (with Rudolf Merian), Berlin (with

Heinrich Wilhelm Dove Heinrich Wilhelm Dove (6 October 1803 – 4 April 1879) was a Prussian physicist and meteorologist. Early years Dove was born in Liegnitz in the Kingdom of Prussia. Dove studied history, philosophy, and the natural sciences at the University of B ...

and

Heinrich Gustav Magnus Heinrich Gustav Magnus (; 2 May 1802 – 4 April 1870) was a notable German experimental scientist. His training was mostly in chemistry but his later research was mostly in physics. He spent the great bulk of his career at the University of Ber ...

), Geneva, Paris (with Jules Célestin Jamin) and obtained his Ph.D. in 1855 at Basel. He taught at the ''Gewerbeschule'' (vocational school) in Basel and was after his

habilitation Habilitation is the highest university degree, or the procedure by which it is achieved, in many European countries. The candidate fulfills a university's set criteria of excellence in research, teaching and further education, usually including a ...

, a professor of mathematics at the

University of Basel The University of Basel (Latin: ''Universitas Basiliensis'', German: ''Universität Basel'') is a university in Basel, Switzerland. Founded on 4 April 1460, it is Switzerland's oldest university and among the world's oldest surviving universit ...

for one year. From 1863 to 1906 he was a full professor of physics at Basel (successor of

Gustav Heinrich Wiedemann Gustav Heinrich Wiedemann (; 2 October 1826 – 24 March 1899) was a German physicist and scientific author. Life Wiedemann was born in Berlin the son of a merchant who died two years later. Following the death of his mother in 1842 he lived wi ...

). In 1874 he became director of the institute of physics at the newly founded “Bernoullianum” in Basel, and from 1874 to 1879 he was president of the Swiss Academy of Sciences. Hagenbach-Bischoff was involved in the popularisation of science, and at the “Bernoullianum” he gave more than 100 popular talks, such as one in 1896 on the newly discovered

X rays An X-ray, or, much less commonly, X-radiation, is a penetrating form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation. Most X-rays have a wavelength ranging from 10 picometers to 10 nanometers, corresponding to frequencies in the range 30&nbs ...

.See Domman, p. 59 and Figure 24 after p. 447.

Notes

References

* Henri Veillon: ''Worte der Erinnerung an Eduard Hagenbach-Bischoff.'' Basel, 1911 (''Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel.'' Bd. XXII), pp. 46–53
online
. * Friedrich Zschokke: ''Professor Eduard Hagenbach-Bischoff'' in: Basler Jahrbuch. 1912, pp. 146–191 * Monika Dommann: ''Durchsicht, Einsicht, Vorsicht. Eine Geschichte der Röntgenstrahlen 1896–1963.'' Chronos, Zürich, 2003
PDF; 3,3 MB
.

External links

*
History of the physics department of Basel University
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hagenbach-Bischoff, Eduard 1833 births 1910 deaths 19th-century Swiss physicists